US History

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One of the writers I am working with on a new book (more on that later) said something profound a while back: “You do not know who you are until you know who your grandparents were.”

I’d actually expand on that a bit. I would say, “You do not know who you are until you know who your great-grandparents were.”

I’ve spent some time off and on over the past ten years doing some genealogical research on my ancestors. It’s been fun and has helped to personalize history. I enjoy telling the stories to my kids. Among other things, I’ve discovered that we’re descended from two of the Mayflower passengers (John Howland & Elizabeth Tilley), as well as from Robert the Bruce and Edward I.

I’ve had the benefit of an active set of Clarkson relatives who’ve done lots of research on the Clarkson clan in SC – Georgetown, Charleston, & Columbia. One of my great-grandfathers has held special interest for me – Henry Mazyck Clarkson. Born in 1835, a med school graduate, he served in the CSA from Dec 1860 through the end of the war – most notably as a surgeon at the battle of Gettysburg. After the war, he practiced medicine, wrote poetry, and was, for a time, superintendent of schools in Prince William Co., VA.

Today, I discovered that another of my great-grandfathers was also an officer in the CSA during the civil war and was a veteran of many of the important battles of 1861 & 1862. I found this out sorting through some of my mother’s genealogical notes. At one point, she had transcribed the grave markers in West View Cemetery in Atlanta GA. I knew the birth & death dates for my great-grandfather, but I was startled to see, in my mothers handwriting, a third line from the tombstone:

Robert H. Atkinson
Oct 16, 1838 – July 17, 1886
Capt. Co. C First Ga. Regulars CSA

I spent some time online researching the First Ga. Regulars and my great-grandfather. Turns out, he was a graduate of the Georgia Military Academy of Marietta, GA in 1862. I’ve written off for his CSA service records, but Co. C was organized in April of 1861. They fought in the Seven Days Battles in Virginia in 1862 (including at Malvern Hill), and then at 2nd Bull Run, Antietam, and Fredericksburg.

After Fredericksburg, it seems they were sent home on leave, to recoup, refit, and recruit replacements back in Georgia. In 1863, my great-grandfather married a young lady from Charleston, SC named Cordelia Dessau. He was 25 and she was 20. Of great interest to me is the fact that her family were German Jews. Her father, Abraham Dessau, born in 1802, had emigrated from Hamburg, Germany some time before 1843. I have remembered seeing a faded picture of a couple being married under a Jewish canopy, and I feel sure this must have been Robert Holt Atkinson and Cordelia Dessau – married in the middle of the Civil War.

My other two great-grandfathers (everybody has four!) were too young to have fought. Malcolm Graham Waitt (1854-1932) was only seven when the war broke out. William Hardin Watts (1861-1940) was born just a month before Fort Sumter.

My great-grandfathers:

Henry Mazyck Clarkson (1835-1915) <- Surgeon with the Army of No. VA, CSA
William Hardin Watts (1861-1940)
Malcolm Graham Waitt (1854-1932)
Robert Holt Atkinson (1838-1886) <- Captain, Co. C First Ga Regulars, CSA

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A shameful episode in American history:

“Andrew Jackson mobilized the federal government behind the expropriation and expulsion of a racial minority whom he considered an impediment to national integrity and economic growth. Before the end of his two terms, about forty-six thousand Native Americans had been dispossessed and a like number slated for dispossession under his chosen successor [Martin Van Buren].”

[. . .]

“Of course, the blame for the dispossession and expulsion of the tribes must be widely shared among the white public, and even a sympathetic administration found it difficult to protect Indian rights, as John Quincy Adams’ experience proved. But Jackson’s policies encouraged white greed and made a bad situation worse.”

from What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815-1848, by Daniel Walker Howe

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We have a new kitten in house. Various names have been suggested. Amelia almost stuck (cat = female aviator?). Then it was shortened to ‘Melia. Recently I have noticed the children referring to the kitten as Meow-Meow, which has inevitably been shortened to Mau-Mau (or is it Mao-Mao?).

All of which got me to musing this morning over coffee with Cyndy about Tom Wolfe and his wonderful essay “Mau-Mauing the Flak Catchers,” which was published in 1970. Dating myself, I know, but Wolfe remains arguably the best writer on the curiosities of American culture from the 1960s through the 1990s.

Mau-Mauing the Flak Catchers” is an incomprehensible  title these days. What the heck is meant by  “Mau-Mau?” It seems to be a verb form of a noun, but what’s a “Mau Mau?” “Mau-Mau” is a reference to the rebellion of the Kikuyu tribe in Kenya against British colonial rule from 1952-1960. The British referred to it as the “Mau Mau uprising” or the “Mau Mau rebellion.” Nobody is quite sure of the etymology of the term. The rebellion is little known now, but it dominated the news out of Africa during the 1950s. There were atrocities on both sides – and the Mau Mau rebels acquired a reputation for being fierce, militant, and brutal. Mau Mau entered the popular vocabulary as a synonym for violent, militant, black nationalism.

“Flak-catcher” is a neologism coined by Wolfe – he also gave us such phrases as “radical chic,” “the Me decade,” “the right stuff,” and “good ol’ boy.” I’m not kidding you – the phrase “good ol’ boy” was coined by Wolfe in a 1964 essay for Esquire about stock car racer Junior Johnson.

Back to “flak-catcher.” According to Wolfe, the flak-catcher is the No. 2 or the No. 3 guy in any organization (or any assistant to the top guy) who is assigned the onerous task of handling complaints – especially complaints delivered in person by a group of angry people. Here’s a relevant passage describing an underling fielding questions from an angry mob of militants, “And then it dawns on you… This man is the flak catcher. His job is to catch the flak for the No. 1 man.”

Mau-mauing then, as described by Wolfe, is the kabuki theater in which members of an ethnic group stage a confrontation with authorities in order to extract money, grants, jobs, and other concessions. Wolfe spent some time observing how these performances were choreographed in San Francisco as various ethnic groups assembled at social service offices and demanded redress for their grievances.

“Mau-mauing the flak catcher” is the art of assembling a group, demanding a public meeting, presenting your demands, doing one’s best to appear threatening and scary, and then grudgingly accepting the money and other compensation proffered by the flak catcher.

Here’s how Wolfe describes it:

Going downtown to mau-mau the bureaucrats got to be the routine practice in San Francisco. The poverty program encouraged you to go in for mau-mauing. They wouldn’t have known what to do without it. The bureaucrats at City Hall and in the Office of Economic Opportunity talked “ghetto” all the time, but they didn’t know any more about what was going on in the Western Addition, Hunters Point, Potrero Hill, the Mission, Chinatown, or south of Market Street than they did about Zanzibar. They didn’t know where to look. They didn’t even know who to ask. So what could they do? Well … they used the Ethnic Catering Service … right … They sat back and waited for you to come rolling in with your certified angry militants, your guaranteed frustrated ghetto youth, looking like a bunch of wild men. Then you had your test confrontation. If you were outrageous enough, if you could shake up the bureaucrats so bad that their eyes froze into iceballs and their mouths twisted up into smiles of sheer physical panic, into shit-eating grins, so to speak–then they knew you were the real goods. They knew you were the right studs to give the poverty grants and community organizing jobs to. Otherwise they wouldn’t know.

The art of mau-mauing is still going on. . .

And our new kitten (whom I have tenderly nicknamed “psycho-kitty”) is the master of mau-mauing. She glares and threatens mayhem until you give in to her demands.

* flak, by the way, is a German abbreviation from WW2 which has found it’s way into English. When allied pilots encountered heavy anti-aircraft barrages during bombing runs over Germany, they referred to it as heavy “flak.” FLAK itself is the acronym for a Flieger-Abwehr-Kanone, or Flyer-Defense-Cannon – except that Germans don’t use hyphens in compound nouns, so they spell it Fliegerabwehrkanone. Aren’t you glad you asked?

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It’s been a day to reminisce about the Jesus Movement and the 1970s. In 1975, I was sophomore in college and teamed up with Bill Boyd (my future brother-in-law!) to host a Christian Music Show on Sunday mornings at WDAV. About all we had were a half-dozen albums by II Chapter of Acts, Larry Norman, Randy Stonehill, Barry McGuire, and later Pat Terry & James Ward. Keith Green came along a bit later.

Today, at church, we had a delightful 20 minute set by Randy Stonehill. He still has the wry sense of humor and commanding presence. “King of Hearts” brought tears to my eyes.

This afternoon, I watched “Fallen Angel,” the documentary on the life of Larry Norman. Larry was a revolutionary and a prophet and a musical genius. The movie will have its premier this week in Nashville. Here’s a preview:

More info on the film’s web site, here: http://www.fallenangeldoc.com/

In 1978, and 1979, I was part of the Inter-Varsity graduate group at Stanford. We arranged for a public lecture by Larry Norman (he brought his guitar and played a few songs as well), and then a full-bore concert by Randy Stonehill in the auditorium on campus. Randy brought the full band and played LOUD! But we loved it. Good times.

Here’s a clip of Larry singing one of his best-known songs, The Outlaw:

Here’s Randy singing King of Hearts:

I’m afraid James Ward and Pat Terry haven’t made it to YouTube, though I suppose there might be videos out there which will eventually be uploaded. They both have their own web sites though!

http://www.patterryonline.com/

http://www.jameswardmusic.com/

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Yesterday was my day to cover “America’s Suicide Attempt” in my year four western civ class. That’s Paul Johnson’s title for the chapter from Modern Times in which he describes events in the USA during the 1960s. He starts with the election of Kennedy, discusses the Bay of Pigs, the Cuban Missle Crisis, the Berlin Wall, the Assassination, Johnson election in 1964, the escalation of the Vietnam War and the overblown Great Society and War on Poverty initiatives that nearly wrecked the US economy. He mentions the riots in Detroit and LA and the social uproar in the US from 1968 & 1969. My students were a bit puzzled trying to grasp the mood of the country.

I showed this video from 1970 which my students found both sobering and helpful in catching the mood of the country at the end of the 1960s.

Gil Scott Herron wrote and recorded this provocative and wry piece. It is an example of black beat poetry that foreshadowed the later development of rap.

Take 2 minutes and listen [language warning at 1:40 for a couple of seconds]:

Still resonates, I think.

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Evelyn: A Romance of The War between the States
by Henry Mazyck Clarkson, M.A., M.D.
Charleston, S.C.
Walker, Evans & Cogswell, Printers
Nos. 3 Broad and 109 East Bay Streets
1871

Dr. Henry Mazyck Clarkson of Charleston, SC was my great-grandfather. He served in the Army of Northern Virginia under Robert E. Lee as a surgeon. During the war, he married Jean Irvin Sayre of Alexandria VA. After the war, he settled in Haymarket, VA.

Previously, in Evelyn Parts 1 thru 4, we were introduced to Albert Ashleigh, “a goodly and gallant youth” of South Carolina, and to Evelyn, “beauteous child” of Virginia. They met  in Florence Italy, but a budding romance was cut short when Evelyn informed Albert that she was already betrothed by her father to another. Albert fled in despair.

Evelyn returned with her father to their home in Virginia, where she prays for Albert Ashleigh, though she knows not where he is. In the distance the rumbling of the coming war is heard.

When war breaks out, Albert enlists in the Confederate Army. He fights and is wounded at the battle of Fredericksburg. His men take him to a nearby house which turns out to be Glen Arvon, Evelyn’s home.

Albert recovers and woos Evelyn. He is suddenly summoned back to the army in May of 1863, to fight at Chancellorsville. While he is away, a party of union raiders, commanded by Andrew Hunter, Evelyn’s cousin, appear at Glen Arvon. When Evelyn and her father defy them, they burn Glen Arvon to the ground. Albert returns in the nick of time. Andrew Hunter flees, and Albert and Evelyn are married.

Part 5 opens in March of 1865. Evelyn has moved to Albert’s home in SC, but Sherman’s army is approaching.

Listen, to hear the rest of the story. . .

Evelyn, Part 5 of 5 from Rob Shearer on Vimeo.

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Evelyn: A Romance of The War between the States
by Henry Mazyck Clarkson, M.A., M.D.
Charleston, S.C.
Walker, Evans & Cogswell, Printers
Nos. 3 Broad and 109 East Bay Streets
1871

Dr. Henry Mazyck Clarkson of Charleston, SC was my great-grandfather. He served in the Army of Northern Virginia under Robert E. Lee as a surgeon. During the war, he married Jean Irvin Sayre of Alexandria VA. After the war, he settled in Haymarket, VA.

Previously, in Evelyn Parts 1, 2 & 3, we were introduced to Albert Ashleigh, “a goodly and gallant youth” of South Carolina, and to Evelyn, “beauteous child” of Virginia. They met  in Florence Italy, but a budding romance was cut short when Evelyn informed Albert that she was already betrothed by her father to another. Albert fled in despair.

Evelyn returned with her father to their home in Virginia, where she prays for Albert Ashleigh, though she knows not where he is. In the distance the rumbling of the coming war is heard.

Part 3 showed us three scenes. Scene one was the outbreak of the war as SC seceded in December, 1860. Scene two – the Battle of Fredericksburg in December, 1862. In scene three we saw Albert, wounded in the battle, carried to Glen Arvon, where he is cared for by Evelyn

Part 4 opens several months later, in the Spring of 1863. Albert has recovered and is wooing Evelyn. He is then suddenly recalled to his unit. And then the evil nemesis of them both, Andrew Hunter, traitor to Virginia, makes a sudden appearance. Listen, to hear what happens. . .

Evelyn, Part 4 from Rob Shearer on Vimeo.

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Continuing with part 3 of Evelyn: A Romance of the War Between the States by Henry Mazyck Clarkson.

Dr. Clarkson was born in 1835 and enlisted in the SC militia in December of 1860 when he was 25 years old. He served in an artillery battery in Charleston, then in Boykin’s Mounted Rangers (aka the 2nd South Carolina Calvary Regiment). He wrote this lengthy poem just after the war. It was published in 1871.

Previously, in Evelyn, parts 1 & 2. . .

. . . we were introduced to Albert Ashleigh, “a goodly and gallant youth” of South Carolina, and to Evelyn, “beauteous child” of Virginia. They met  in Florence Italy, but a budding romance was cut short when Evelyn informed Albert that she was already betrothed by her father to another. Albert fled in despair.

Evelyn returned with her father to their home in Virginia, where she prays for Albert Ashleigh, though she knows not where he is. In the distance the rumbling of the coming war is heard.

Part 3 has three scenes. Scene one is the outbreak of the war as SC secedes in December, 1860. Scene two is the Battle of Fredericksburg in December, 1862. Scene three is at Glen Arvon, the home of Evelyn, not far from the battlefield of Fredericksburg.

Evelyn, Part 3 from Rob Shearer on Vimeo.

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Previously, in Evelyn, part 1. . .

. . . we were introduced to Albert Ashleigh, “a goodly and gallant youth” of South Carolina, and to Evelyn, “beauteous child” of Virginia. They met, somewhat surprisingly in Florence Italy.

How do these two young people come to be in Italy (I hear you asking)? Evelyn’s mother was Lucia, from Florence, Italy. She had married Evelyn’s father and moved to Virginia. Left behind is her childhood friend, Leonardo Vecchio, a painter who had loved her. When she became ill with consumption, she returned to her native Italy, where she died.

Albert Ashleigh of South Carolina is in Florence as a pupil to the painter Leonardo. He had been dispatched by Leonardo to find Lucia when he heard that she had returned to Italy. Sadly, Albert brings news of Lucia’s death in Milan to Leonardo – but recognizes the face of Lucia in the portrait that Leonardo has painted.

The last scene in part 1 was the funeral of Lucia in Milan. Leonardo and Albert attend and Albert first sees and is captivated by Evelyn, mourning her mother and comforting her father.

Evelyn, Part 2 from Rob Shearer on Vimeo.

Evelyn: A Romance of The War between the States
by Henry Mazyck Clarkson, M.A., M.D.
Charleston, S.C.
Walker, Evans & Cogswell, Printers
Nos. 3 Broad and 109 East Bay Streets
1871

Dr. Henry Mazyck Clarkson of Charleston, SC was my great-grandfather. He served in the Army of Northern Virginia under Robert E. Lee as a surgeon. During the war, he married Jean Irvin Sayre of Alexandria VA. After the war, he settled in Haymarket, VA.

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Henry Mazyck Clarkson was my great-grandfather. He was born in 1835 in Charleston, SC; graduated from the University of SC in 1855 and from the medical school of the University of PA in 1859.

During the War between the States, he served as a surgeon with the Army of Northern Virginia under Robert E. Lee. During the war, he married Jean Irwin Sayre of Alexandria. After the war, they settled in Haymarket, VA where he practiced medicine – and wrote poetry.

Evelyn was published in 1871, when he was 36 years old.

In 1885, When he was 50, his tenth and last child, a son named Lee Massey Clarkson was born. Lee Massey was my grandfather. He married a bit later in life, at 34 in 1919. In 1920, my mother, Elizabeth Lee Clarkson, was born. She died in 2008.

One of her prize posessions was a small volume of her grandfather, Henry Mazyck Clarkson’s poems. I have my mother’s copy, but was surprised to discover that it was not the first volume my great-grandfather had written. Just this year, I acquired a reprint of his first published poetry, from 1871.

Below is a video of me reading Part I of Evelyn: A Romance of the War between the States.

Evelyn, Part 1 from Rob Shearer on Vimeo.

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